×
Home Current Archive Editorial board
Instructions for papers
For Authors Aim & Scope Contact
Original scientific article

CYBERCRIME VULNERABILITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN MALAYSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL DECEPTION

By
Kian-Lam Tan Orcid logo ,
Kian-Lam Tan
Contact Kian-Lam Tan

Wawasan Open University , George Town , Malaysia

Jayaeswari Sangaralingam Orcid logo ,
Jayaeswari Sangaralingam

Wawasan Open University , George Town , Malaysia

Lau Pei Mey Orcid logo ,
Lau Pei Mey

Wawasan Open University , George Town , Malaysia

Premalatha Karupiah Orcid logo ,
Premalatha Karupiah

Universiti Sains Malaysia , George Town , Malaysia

Chen-Kim Lim Orcid logo
Chen-Kim Lim

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Bangi , Malaysia

Abstract

This study explores the growing phenomenon of cybercrime targeting older adult individuals in Malaysia, a demographic increasingly susceptible due to factors such as limited digital literacy, social isolation, and perceived financial stability. Drawing upon Routine Activity Theory and Social Engineering Theory, the research investigates the situational and psychological vulnerabilities that expose senior citizens to scams, particularly phishing, identity theft, and impersonation-based fraud. Utilizing a phenomenological qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 13 Malaysian seniors aged 60 and above to examine their personal experiences, awareness levels, and emotional responses related to cybercrime victimization. Findings revealed that while only a minority had been direct victims, the emotional toll—including trauma, shame, and anxiety—was significant across the board. Scam tactics often involved impersonation of authority figures and manipulation through urgency or emotional grooming. The study emphasizes the dual impact of cybercrime: financial losses and long-term psychological distress. It concludes that current institutional measures, though important, must be supplemented by age-targeted education, simplified security tools, and psychosocial support to effectively mitigate risks. This research provides critical insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and digital educators in building inclusive and safer online environments for Malaysia’s aging population.

References

1.
Mohamad AR, Yaakop MR, Razif MA. The efficacy of the Malaysian Government’s response towards cybercrime. Open Journal of Political Science. 2024;14(1):166–76.
2.
Masoumeh H, Jahangiri S, Ali BH, Alireza K. A survey on existing digital divide between teachers and students of girl schools in astara county. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 2013;3(11):356.
3.
Bernama. Number of cybercrime cases reported in Malaysia from 2021 to June 2022 total of 31. 2022;169.
4.
Kassim NM. Effect of perceived security and perceived privacy towards trust and the influence on internet banking usage among Malaysians. International Academic Journal of Social Sciences. 2017;4(2):26–36.
5.
Buil-Gil D, Miró-Llinares F, Moneva A, Kemp S, Díaz-Castaño N. Cybercrime and shifts in opportunities during COVID-19: a preliminary analysis in the UK. European Societies. 2021;23(S1):S47–59.

Citation

This is an open access article distributed under the  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC) License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 

Article metrics

Google scholar: See link

The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.