The rapid growth of urban populations has exacerbated energy waste, resource inefficiency, and environmental degradation in contemporary cities, necessitating crucial, smart building solutions. This paper examines the incorporation of the Internet of Things (IoT) in intelligent buildings to facilitate sustainable urban development. The study helps address inefficient building operations by proposing an IoT-based system built on distributed sensors, real-time data collection, cloud-based analytics, and automated control systems. The technology will be based on the implementation of environmental, occupancy, and energy-monitoring sensors within the building's subsystems, preliminary data processing, and predictive analytics to maximize energy efficiency, comfort, and work efficiency. The experimental analysis of a multi-zone smart building testbed has shown significant enhancements, including a reduction in yearly energy demand from 420 MWh to 338 MWh, a reduction in the HVAC system's peak load from 96 kW to 71 kW, and an increase in HVAC system efficiency to 0.82. Also, IAQ indicators, such as CO2 levels, remained below 900 ppm for more than 92% of the operating time, and automated lighting systems reduced unnecessary illumination by 3.1 hours per day. These findings support the claim that smart building systems powered by IoT can significantly improve energy efficiency, occupant comfort, and environmental performance. It is concluded that the mass implementation of IoT-integrated construction may be of utmost importance in ensuring the development of sustainable urban infrastructure by minimizing resource use, reducing operational expenses, and supporting data-driven city planning.
Apanavičienė R, Shahrabani MM. Key factors affecting smart building integration into smart city: technological aspects. Smart Cities. 2023 Jul 31;6(4):1832-57.
2.
Chen Y, Wang X, Liu Z, Cui J, Osmani M, Demian P. Exploring building information modeling (bim) and internet of things (iot) integration for sustainable building. Buildings. 2023 Jan 18;13(2):288.
3.
Khan H, Veeraiah V, Jain V, Rajkumar A, Gupta A, Pandey D. Integrating deep learning in an IoT model to build smart applications for sustainable cities. In: Handbook of research on data-driven mathematical modeling in smart cities. Hershey (PA): IGI Global; 2023. 238–261.
4.
Martínez I, Zalba B, Trillo-Lado R, Blanco T, Cambra D, Casas R. Internet of things (Iot) as sustainable development goals (sdg) enabling technology towards smart readiness indicators (sri) for university buildings. Sustainability. 2021 Jul 8;13(14):7647.
5.
Wang Y, Liu L. Research on sustainable green building space design model integrating IoT technology. PloS one. 2024 Apr 29;19(4):e0298982.
6.
Nishat A. The Role of IoT in Building Smarter Cities and Sustainable Infrastructure. International Journal of Digital Innovation. 2022 Jun 15;3(1).
7.
Zhang X, Manogaran G, Muthu B. IoT enabled integrated system for green energy into smart cities. Sustainable Technologies and Assessments. 2021 Aug 1;46:101208.
8.
Malagnino A, Montanaro T, Lazoi M, Sergi I, Corallo A, Patrono L. Building Information Modeling and Internet of Things integration for smart and sustainable environments: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021 Aug 20;312:127716.
9.
Liu Z, Chi Z, Osmani M, Demian P. Blockchain and building information management (BIM) for sustainable building development within the context of smart cities. Sustainability. 2021 Feb 16;13(4):2090.
10.
Chen Y, Huang D, Liu Z, Osmani M, Demian P. Construction 4.0, Industry 4.0, and Building Information Modeling (BIM) for sustainable building development within the smart city. Sustainability. 2022 Aug 13;14(16):10028.
11.
Selvaraj R, Kuthadi VM, Baskar S. Smart building energy management and monitoring system based on artificial intelligence in smart city. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2023 Mar 1;56:103090.
12.
Radziejowska A, Sobotka B. Analysis of the social aspect of smart cities development for the example of smart sustainable buildings. Energies. 2021 Jul 19;14(14):4330.
13.
Waqar A, Barakat TA, Almujibah HR, Alshehri AM, Alyami H, Alajmi M. Analytical approach to smart and sustainable city development with IoT. Scientific Reports. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23617.
14.
Bashiir AA. Smart Cities and IOT for Sustainable Urban Development. Research Output Journal of Biological and Applied Science. 2024;3(1):23-7.
15.
Poyyamozhi M, Murugesan B, Rajamanickam N, Shorfuzzaman M, Aboelmagd Y. IoT—A promising solution to energy management in smart buildings: A systematic review, applications, barriers, and future scope. Buildings. 2024 Oct 29;14(11):3446.
16.
Gao X, Pishdad-Bozorgi P, Shelden DR, Tang S. Internet of things enabled data acquisition framework for smart building applications. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 2021 Feb 1;147(2):04020169.
17.
Zaman M, Puryear N, Abdelwahed S, Zohrabi N. A review of IoT-based smart city development and management. Smart Cities. 2024 Jun 20;7(3):1462-501.
18.
Rani S, Mishra RK, Usman M, Kataria A, Kumar P, Bhambri P, Mishra AK. Amalgamation of advanced technologies for sustainable development of smart city environment: A review. IEEE Access. 2021 Nov 4;9:150060-87.
19.
Ahmed I, Zhang Y, Jeon G, Lin W, Khosravi MR, Qi L. A blockchain‐and artificial intelligence‐enabled smart IoT framework for sustainable city. International Journal of Intelligent Systems. 2022 Sep;37(9):6493 507.
20.
Alahi ME, Sukkuea A, Tina FW, Nag A, Kurdthongmee W, Suwannarat K, Mukhopadhyay SC. Integration of IoT-enabled technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) for smart city scenario: recent advancements and future trends. Sensors. 2023 May 30;23(11):5206.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
,
