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Innovation and Commercialization Centre, Universiti Utara Malaysia , Kedah Darul Aman , Malaysia
Senior Lecturer, Entrepreneurship Program, Universiti Utara Malaysia , Kedah Darul Aman , Malaysia
This research aims to propose and empirically examine a framework that explains how entrepreneurial orientation elements contribute to intellectual property commercialization performance among social science academicians in Malaysian public universities. Specifically, the framework explores the mediating role of university support and the moderating role of self-efficacy in strengthening the relationship between EO and commercialization outcomes. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV), the study posits that EO elements serve as internal strategic resources that drive commercialization performance when supported by conducive institutional environments. Self-efficacy is further defined as a cognitive enabler that amplifies academicians’ confidence and persistence in pursuing commercialization efforts. Adopting a quantitative research design, data will be collected from social science academicians across Malaysian public universities, as later on SmartPLS 4 will be employed to analyze the measurement and structural models, testing both mediation and moderation effects. The study is expected to demonstrate that EO has a significant direct and indirect effect on IP commercialization performance. University support is anticipated to enhance this effect, with self-efficacy playing a moderating role. Statistical tests (e.g., path analysis, ANOVA) are expected to show significant findings, with R² values of 0.68 for the dependent variable (commercialization performance), indicating good explanatory power. The study provides theoretical and practical insights into how Malaysian universities can leverage entrepreneurial orientation and institutional support mechanisms to enhance the commercialization of intellectual outputs among social science academicians. It also extends understanding of the psychological factors that foster academic innovation. This study contributes a novel integrative framework that bridges entrepreneurial orientation, institutional support, and cognitive psychology to explain academic commercialization behavior. By focusing on social science academicians, an often-underexplored group in commercialization research which the study offers new perspectives for promoting inclusive and sustainable innovation ecosystems in higher education.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC) License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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